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  Phosphorus-deoxidized copper rods (TP1, TP2) are copper materials that are deoxidized by adding phosphorus elements, of which TP1 contains 0.004-0.012% phosphorus, and TP2 contains 0.015-0.040% phosphorus. Although the addition of phosphorus slightly reduces the conductivity (85-90% IACS), it significantly improves the welding performance and hydrogen embrittlement resistance of the material, and the corrosion resistance is also better than pure copper. The tensile strength of this type of copper rod is between 220-280MPa, and it has good plastic deformation ability (elongation ≥30%). In industrial applications, phosphorus-deoxidized copper is widely used in pipeline systems (water supply, gas pipeline fittings), refrigeration industry pipelines, and components that require high-frequency welding. Its excellent welding performance makes it outstanding on occasions that require complex connections, while its moderate cost ensures its economical practicality. Aluminum bronze (such ...

  Pure copper rods can be divided into three categories according to the purity level: T1 (copper ≥ 99.95%), T2 (copper ≥ 99.90%) and T3 (copper ≥ 99.70%). The higher the purity, the better the electrical and thermal conductivity. The conductivity of T1 copper rods can reach 101% IACS, but its hardness and strength are relatively low, and the tensile strength is in the range of 200-250MPa. This type of high-purity copper rod is mainly used in occasions with extremely high requirements for conductivity, such as busbars, switch contacts, transformer windings in electrical engineering, and semiconductor devices and vacuum tube components in the electronics industry. It is worth noting that as the purity decreases, the mechanical properties of the copper rod will improve, but the conductivity will decrease accordingly. Although the conductivity of the T3 copper rod is slightly lower, the cost is more economical, and it is suitable for some general occasions that do not require strict c...

 Summarising the various aspects of the cast-in-place  foam lightweight soil process , the common point lies in the mixing, which is reflected in the mixing characteristics of a multi-phase medium, multi-step and multi-ratio. The mixing of each link is respectively: (1) foaming agent dilution: The foaming agent dilution link is based on the dilution rate of the foaming agent will be diluted into the foaming liquid, in order to facilitate the accurate process of accurate measurement. The mixing of this link is manifested as the mixing of the blowing agent and dilution water. (2) Cement slurry mixing: The cement slurry mixing process is actually the mixing reaction process of cement and water, which is controlled by cement slurry proportion and mixing time. (3) Foam preparation: Foam preparation is the process of mixing foaming liquid and compressed air. Compressed air and foaming liquid are mixed in the foaming device, and the foaming liquid and compressed air delivery power...

  The Origin of Foam Concrete The earliest form of foam concrete can be traced back to approximately 5,000 years ago, when the ancient Egyptians used natural substances to create gas when mixed, resulting in porous materials. Over 2,000 years ago, the ancient Romans mixed lime, sand, and gravel to create the earliest form of concrete. Shortly thereafter, they discovered that adding animal blood to this primitive concrete and mixing it produced durable bubbles, rendering the concrete a stable yet porous material. Additionally, they found that adding horsehair to this porous concrete addressed its shrinkage cracking, much like how synthetic fibers are used in foam concrete today. It can be said that the porous material created by the ancient Romans is the closest precursor to modern foam concrete technology. To this day, animal blood hydrolysate foaming agents remain one type of animal protein foaming agent used in foam concrete. The true modern industrial foam concrete began its ear...